The Production Of Production Activities - 1721 Words

Production Activities This section is an overview of the demands and tests associated with the integrity of well during production from and injection to a reservoir. The process begins after the well construction/well intervention organization has handed the well over to the production organization and concludes with a handover back to drilling and well organization for intervention, work-over or abandonment. Well integrity during this phase is used to keep hydrocarbons from the pay zone inside the well and by protecting it from leaking off to contaminating groundwater for environmental purposes. Well barriers are an envelope of one or several dependent barrier elements preventing fluids or gases from flowing unintentionally from the formation to the surface and are designed and used to prevent leakages and reduce the risk associated with drilling, production and intervention activities. The main functions of a well barrier are to prevent any major hydrocarbon leakage(s) from the well to the external environment during normal production or well operations and to shut in the well on direct command during an emergency shutdown situation and thereby prevent hydrocarbons from flowing from the well out. During production, a perfectly reliable well barrier element(s) is paramount to containing the hydrocarbons inside the well. Well barrier elements are several objects that prevent formation fluids from flowing inside the well. They could be anything from packers or tubing orShow MoreRelatedProduction Planning and Control Activities1664 Words   |  7 PagesASSIGNMENT 4 Production planning and control is considered as a backbone of the production. All inputs including the demand, forecasting, capacity should be analysed . The wrong input in the planning will cause problem to the production. 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At the top of the circle is plan, the activity of developing a strategy for accomplishing the goals assigned to management. This is like tasking a military unit with taking a hill. Soldiers in the unit do not ask why, they just figure out how to get it done! The corporate leadership staff doesn’t

Introduction Of The Death Penalty Debate - 1523 Words

Introduction to the Death Penalty Debate It was said by an Iowa State Supreme Court justice in the 1840s, â€Å"Crime indicates a diseased mind in the same manner that sickness and pain do a diseased body. And as in the one case we provide hospitals for the treatment of severe and contagious diseases, so in the other, prisons and asylums should be provided for similar reasons† (Banner, 2002, p.118). Individuals who have committed crimes serve their sentences and punishments, or are â€Å"treated†, in prisons. Prisons offer a state of confinement for criminals, all of whom must undergo a proper and humane punishment in a reasonable amount of time for the crimes in which they have committed. There are times, however, where capital punishment takes place and the criminal faces death as their punishment for the crime. When criminals are faced with the death penalty, controversy arises, strengthening the debate as to whether death is a proper and justifiable form of punishment for the criminal. The death penalty sh ould not, under any circumstances, be acceptable in the criminal justice system since it diminishes the purpose of prisons and sentences and provides criminals with an â€Å"easy way out.† Supreme Court Cases in regards to Capital Punishment For approximately forty years, the United States Supreme Court has implemented efforts to regulate the application and administration of the death penalty. Throughout this time period, there have been a number of cases that have framed anShow MoreRelatedBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 Pagesefficient and evenhanded. The website is relevant to my topic as the site have information such as information on executions, trends, clear definition, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. The site was revised the same date of access, therefore the information is up to date and would be useful. Death Penalty: Pros and Cons ProCon.org. n.p.13 Apr. 2009. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. ProCon.org is a nonprofit public charity. It provides resources for critical thinking without bias. The informationRead More Death Penalty: Ineffective, Inhumane, and Immoral Essays1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is the pivot of much controversy within our society and government. Most people deem it a touchy subject, rarely making it a hot topic amongst general conversations. The issue usually raises many a blood pressure and may even have the tendency to end life-long friendships. The country is split on the issue and does not seem to find the desire to come to a compromise. 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While there are those who believe that the death penalty does not serve its intended purpose, proponents of the same are convinced that the relevance of the same cannot be overstated and hence it should not be abolished. In this text, I examine the arguments for and against the death penalty. The Death Penalty: A Brief Overview In basic terms, the death penalty accordingRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Is Morally Unjustified1197 Words   |  5 Pagesof the death penalty otherwise known as capital punishment goes back as far as the eighteenth century B.C., when the code of King Hammurabi of Babylon listed 25 crimes which were punishable by death. Since then, the uses of the death penalty have prevailed throughout the ages in laws and justice systems of different civilizations. For instance, the Draconian Code of Athens punishes all crimes with the death penalty. 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Andy Warhol S Marilyn Monroe Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol S Marilyn Monroe Essay Many people do not realize it and was one Of hose people, but different colors do provide different moods. For me when I was looking at the picture there was a time been the face of Marilyn was bright green, almost neon. When saw this it reminded me of the very first time saw Jim Carrey play in the movie The Mask. Jim Carrey is one of the actors of this generation who I have grown to really enjoy watching. No matter the movie, he was blessed with the ability to make people laugh from the bottom of their belly. In The Mask he plays as a newspaper writer who why day is a shy, unconfined an who is not very outgoing. Taut by night when he puts on the mask he becomes the complete opposite. The mask is said to bring out a mans inner- most desires and when Carrey puts it on he becomes a man who is basically a hopeless romantic and a clown making the audience laugh without abandon. Another time clicked the random button and a baby blue color came into the background and it reminded me of the time I went to Cliff Lake. Cliff Lake is a place just outside Yellowstone National Park where I had the best experience of my life. This lake was made by the runoff of snow from the mountains surrounding it on all sides. The water in this lake looks like that of the Caribbean Sea. Also, because the water was from the melted snow it was around forty degrees and the sand around the lake on a few places was white sand. It is a little piece Of heaven in the middle Of the mountains. And to top it all Off along the left side of the lake there were three or four ropes swings a ways up the mountainside to swing into the lake. I truly can not describe the feeling you get hen you get up the side of the mountain and take that jump holding onto the rope and when you let go being fifty to sixty feet above he water and as you let go looking down into the crystal clear blue water that when you enter it takes your breath away from the sheer chill of the water. A third mood encountered was one time the screen turned black completely and it reminded me of the time went to one of my friends fathers funeral who died of kidney cancer while his daughter was still a senior in high school. I have ever seen so many people at a funeral and her father was one of the greatest men have ever met, He cared about everybody, never complained about the situation he was in, and he always wanted what was best tort his two daughters no matter what, The picture and different colors to me brought back different memories and different situations. Im sure other people saw the picture differently but thats the beauty of art. It is one of the few things that people can all interpret differently and one of the things has different meaning for everyone.

Sustainable Design and Manufacture Waste Management

Question: Discuss about the Sustainable Design and Manufacture for Waste Management. Answer: Introduction The problems of waste and the issues of waste management not limited to one country or a place, it is the problem of the entire nation (Karak, Bhagat and Bhattacharyya 2012). Due to the advent of the technology and the growing population all over the world, it is becoming more difficult to manage the waste. The industrial wastes have always been the concern. Moreover, the household wastes are also creating the similar problems. At times, the owners of various companies keep a check on the waste as a part of their corporate social responsibility. However, the people who are accumulating the waste materials are not giving second thought before throwing the garbage. Singapore is one such country, which has been suffering from the accumulation of waste for a long range of time and it is high time that they take cetin steps that will help them to manage the solid waste. The presence of the rubbish chutes is one such example in Singapore. As the people are not able to see the accumulation of the waste, the waste is being dumped at a regular basis. The write-up will look into the issues of solid waste in Singapore, the steps taken by the government and other organizations who are managing the waste accumulation and what are the challenges faced by those organizations while managing the solid waste of the country. Issues faced due to solid waste accumulation in Singapore As per a study, the Singaporeans are charged a fixed rate to have the household waste collected by the municipal authorities. However, there is no limitation or control on the amount of waste that would be collected from the household. As the Singaporeans are able to dispose their garbage as per their ease in the rubbish chutes, hence they do not give a second thought while throwing the garbage in the rubbish chutes. They are not able to see the amount of waste collected in the chutes and hence, the amount of wastes disposed by them keeps on growing at a steep rate. In addition to this, the issue that is faced by the Singaporeans is that they are not in a habit if categorising their wastes as recyclable waste and non-recyclable waste. In the budget that was presented in the year, 2014, Vivian Balakrishnan, the Environment and Water Resources Minister of Singapore has said that only 20 percent of the waste collected from the households of Singapore could be recycled (blog.nus.edu.sg 2 014). The figure shows that the people living in Singapore has made very feeble progress in solid waste management in spite of being one of the leading nations in the world. In addition to the lack of responsibility from the Singaporeans, the limited area in Singapore is an added disadvantage for the country. The only place that is remaining to be filled with garbage is the Pulau Semakau Landfill. However, it has been estimated that the place can support the garbage only until 2045 (White, Dranke and Hindle 2012). The rubbish chutes will not be able to sustain the waste of Singapore in the end. As the Singaporeans are used to the convenience of throwing the waste materials in the rubbish chute, hence, it is less likely that they are going to change their habit of throwing the garbage. Figure 1: The Pulau Semakau Landfill (Source: The Straits Times 2013) Due to the growing amount of trash in the country, the National Environment Agency (NEA) has shown concern to handle the issue. Until the year, 2011, there used be just one big bin where all kinds of waste like plastics, recyclable items and paper used to be disposed collected from all the blocks of a locality (Chandrappa and Brown 2012). After the intervention of National Environment Agency, they stared having one bin for every block. Gradually, the number of bins increased in the HDB landscape. The waste management plan took another step ahead when a multi-storey recycling plant was proposed to be set up. In July 2014, the National Environment Agency announced that the waste treatment plant that will open in the year 2040 (Yep 2016). The importance of recycling In the month of June 2014, the National Environment Agency asked the government to help in setting up the plant for waste management in Singapore. The proposal by National Environment Agency had a transparent and practical plan for the plant until the year 2030 and had even better plans for the year 2050 (Laurent et al. 2014). It has been estimated that going by the present accumulation rate of trash in Singapore, by the year 2030 the trash will grow until 12.3 million tonnes. In the year, 2013, 61 percent of the trash was recycled and the rest of the trashes were burnt to destroy (Othman et al. 2013). However, the burnt polluted the environment. The new waste management plan aims at recycling 70 percent of the waste of the country. However, the there are certain issues with the new waste management plan by National Environment Agency. The sorting of the waste materials are done by individuals after they collected from the offices, households and the shops. Most of the organizations are not huge enough for the treatment of the waste and are unable to accommodate a huge amount of waste in the area. In addition to this, some of the sorting stations are done manually. As a result, it ends up taking more time than usual as well was more expensive. The main problem that was faced in the process was the problem of work force. The government needed to recruit more people by the year, 2030 who would be required to collect the trash, work at the plants an fasten the waste management process (Lim and Wang 2013). In addition to this, the segregation of the waste needed to be taught to then people. At times, some of the wastes could not be recycled, as they got wet due to the mixture of the waste. As a result, in place of recycling the waste, they had to incinerate the whole waste. Industrial waste management in Singapore Along with the household waste, the industrial wastes in Singapore contribute in producing more toxic wastes. Hence, it has become more important for the government to manage the industrial waste in an effective manner. Singapore has developed an advanced waste management system that will help in taking up less space, while the waste will be managed in an effective manner. Ninety-two percent of wastes collected from the industries are incinerated in Singapore (Melikoglu, Lin and Webb 2013). Even though burning of the waste materials will pollute the environment of the place yet if the burning is done to generate energy then it will help in solving other issues of the place. There four incineration plants present in Singapore and the process of incineration that is done in these plants has helped in saving 3% of the electricity needs in Singapore. The main aim of the industrial solid waste management system in Singapore is to focus on the following areas: Collection of the waste Recovery of the waste Treatment of the waste for better usage for the country The sustainability of the industrial solid waste management in Singapore has the following strategies: Decrease the amount of waste in the country by reducing the accumulation of waste, reuse and recycle the waste. It has been calculated that more than fifty percent of the industrial waste in Singapore is recycled. Take measures so that there is zero landfill for the waste Develop industries that will contribute in the waste management of the country and help Singapore as the centre that will excel in the waste management technology The Senoko Waste-to-Energy Plant is one such industry in Singapore, which helps in generating energy from the waste materials in Singapore. Keppel Integrated Engineering (KIE) operates the Senoko Waste-to-Energy Plant. The plan has the capacity to treat 2400 tonnes of waste and generate 554MW of energy (Rajagopal et al. 2013). With the help of the plants, Singapore is able to treat 47.6% of waste that are set for incineration. Figure 2: The Senoko Waste-to-Energy Plant in Singapore (Source: International Enterprise Singapore, 2012) Other organizations are not far behind in helping Singapore to manage their waste effectively. The JTC corporation is one of the famous developers in the industrial estates in Singapore has set up a 19-hectre pilot eco-recycling parks in Tuas located in Western Singapore (Ghiani et al. 2014). The area of the park is as big as 20 football fields together. The park will help various recycling organizations to cluster together and together help Singapore to manage the waste in a prompt and effective manner. Some of the recycling processes that are already going in the area are: Recycling the waste products to make brick from those products Recovering the solid waste like wood and glass A fully automated sorting plant that will attract more companies to set up their recycling plant in that area The Waste Management and Recycling Association of Singapore (WMRAS) Recommendations was set up in the year, 2001 and it as tied up with the Waste Management Association of Australia (WMAA) and Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA) to boost up the industrial recycling of that area (Williams 2013). Figure 3: a worker is removing the nails from a wood plank to make the wood reusable for future (Source: Hoong, 2012) Recommendations In addition to the waste management process that has been taken up by the different private and public firms in Singapore, there is urgency that the people of Singapore should control their garbage disposal habit. Replacing the rubbish chutes the garbage bags is recommended for the houses in Singapore. The new houses should not be built with the rubbish chutes, instead there will the garbage bags for every house. As a result, there will be much less garbage accumulation as the people will be able to see the amount of garbage getting accumulated for each of the houses. If they require accumulating more garbage, then they will have to pay more for the extra garbage that will have to dispose. In addition to this, it is recommended to the government that they should make the people aware of the ill effects of the accumulation of waste in Singapore. The people living in the residential areas as well as the owners of the industries should have proper idea about the amount of waste that is getting piled up every passing day. The industries are taking necessary measures to combat the problem of piling up of waste. The people living in the residential area should also know about the ill effects of the waste on the society. The people should be aware of the exact numbers so that they can help in reducing the waste of the county. Conclusion After going through various studies and feedback of the authors, it can be concluded that when on one hand, Singapore is facing issues combating the problems of waste, and on the other hand, it has taken necessary measures to treat those wastes in an effective manner. The rubbish chutes is helpful for the residents but it is also creating problem, as the accumulation is not visible to the people who are accumulating those wastes. The toxic wastes are also piling up due to the operations in the industries. The industries have taken necessary measures by building recycling parks so that the waste materials could be reused and recycled in future. Recommendations are being given to the residents so that there should be no more housing with the rubbish chutes. Instead of the rubbish chutes, there will be garbage bags where they will accumulate the wastes. For any extra waste, they will have to pay extra. In this way, the people will be able to see the amount of garbage that is being piled because of them. Once the problems in visible to the people, the awareness will automatically be spread among the Singaporeans. References blog.nus.edu.sg, (2014). Solid waste management in Singapore. [Blog]SINGAPORE 2100. Available at: https://blog.nus.edu.sg/singapore2100/2014/10/04/solid-waste-management-in-singapore/ [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. Chandrappa, R. and Brown, J., 2012.Solid waste management: Principles and practice. Springer Science Business Media. Chandrappa, R. and Das, D.B., 2012. Waste quantities and characteristics. InSolid Waste Management(pp. 47-63). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Ghiani, G., Lagan, D., Manni, E., Musmanno, R. and Vigo, D., 2014. Operations research in solid waste management: A survey of strategic and tactical issues.Computers Operations Research,44, pp.22-32. Hoong, C. (2012).The Singapore Green Plan. 1st ed. [ebook] Singapore. Available at: https://www.mewr.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/grab-our-research/sgp2012.pdf [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. Karak, T., Bhagat, R.M. and Bhattacharyya, P., 2012. Municipal solid waste generation, composition, and management: the world scenario.Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,42(15), pp.1509-1630. Laurent, A., Bakas, I., Clavreul, J., Bernstad, A., Niero, M., Gentil, E., Hauschild, M.Z. and Christensen, T.H., 2014. Review of LCA studies of solid waste management systemsPart I: Lessons learned and perspectives.Waste management,34(3), pp.573-588. Lim, J.W. and Wang, J.Y., 2013. Enhanced hydrolysis and methane yield by applying microaeration pretreatment to the anaerobic co-digestion of brown water and food waste.Waste management,33(4), pp.813-819. Melikoglu, M., Lin, C.S.K. and Webb, C., 2013. Analysing global food waste problem: pinpointing the facts and estimating the energy content.Central European Journal of Engineering,3(2), pp.157-164. NTERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE SINGAPORE, (2012).Waste Management World-class environmental and waste management services. 1st ed. [ebook] INTERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE SINGAPORE. Available at: https://www.iesingapore.gov.sg/~/media/IE%20Singapore/Files/Publications/Brochures%20Foreign%20Companies/Waste%20Management/IE_Waste%20Management_EN.pdf [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. Othman, S.N., Noor, Z.Z., Abba, A.H., Yusuf, R.O. and Hassan, M.A.A., 2013. Review on life cycle assessment of integrated solid waste management in some Asian countries.Journal of Cleaner Production,41, pp.251-262. Rajagopal, R., Lim, J.W., Mao, Y., Chen, C.L. and Wang, J.Y., 2013. Anaerobic co-digestion of source segregated brown water (feces-without-urine) and food waste: For Singapore context.Science of the Total Environment,443, pp.877-886. The Straits Times, (2013).NEA plan seeks to limit damage from landfill expansion. [online] Eco-Business. Available at: https://www.eco-business.com/news/nea-plan-seeks-limit-damage-landfill-expansion/ [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. White, P., Dranke, M. and Hindle, P., 2012.Integrated solid waste management: a lifecycle inventory. Springer Science Business Media. Williams, P.T., 2013.Waste treatment and disposal. John Wiley Sons. Yep, E. (2016).Singapores Innovative Waste-Disposal System. [online] WSJ. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/singapores-innovative-waste-disposal-system-1442197715 [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016].